Blackhammer Cairn

Introduction to Blackhammer Chambered Cairn

Blackhammer Chambered Cairn is a Neolithic tomb on the island of Rousay, Orkney, Scotland. Constructed around 3000 BC, it belongs to the Orkney–Cromarty chambered cairns. These cairns feature stalled burial compartments. Historic Environment Scotland designated the site as a scheduled monument in 1994.

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Location and Setting

The monument sits near the base of a hillside on Rousay. It overlooks Eynhallow Sound. The tomb dates back to approximately 3000 BC. It is part of a group of burial monuments known as Orkney–Cromarty chambered cairns. These cairns have burial compartments separated by upright stone slabs. Near the top of the hill, the Knowe of Yarso chambered cairn stands. It was built during the same period.

Structure and Dimensions

The oblong tomb measures 22.5 meters by 8.9 meters externally. The cairn encloses a long burial chamber. This chamber measures 13.5 meters by 2.0 meters and stands 2.0 meters high. The burial monument was first excavated in 1936. Originally, it had seven compartments divided by pairs of standing slabs. Four of the original slabs had been removed by the time of excavation.

Excavation and Findings

During the excavation, archaeologists entered the tomb through a modern, concrete roof. They uncovered skeletal remains of two adult males. They also found a pottery bowl, a flint knife, a polished stone axe, and animal bones. On the exterior of the tomb, decorative masonry appears on either side of the entrance. This masonry forms a triangular design, a common trait of Neolithic tombs on Rousay.

Significance and Preservation

Blackhammer Chambered Cairn holds significant historical value. It provides insights into Neolithic burial practices. The site remains well-preserved, thanks to its status as a scheduled monument. This designation helps protect the cairn from damage and ensures its maintenance.

Comparative Analysis

Comparing Blackhammer to other Orkney–Cromarty cairns reveals similarities and differences. Like Blackhammer, many cairns feature stalled burial compartments. However, each cairn has unique architectural elements. For example, the Knowe of Yarso cairn, located nearby, also dates to the same period. Yet, it has distinct structural features.

Visitor Information

Visitors can access Blackhammer Chambered Cairn. The site offers a glimpse into Neolithic life and death. The cairn’s location provides scenic views of Eynhallow Sound. Visitors should respect the site’s historical significance and follow guidelines to preserve it.

Conclusion

Blackhammer Chambered Cairn stands as a testament to Neolithic ingenuity. Its well-preserved state offers valuable insights into ancient burial practices. The site continues to attract researchers and visitors alike. Its historical significance remains undiminished over millennia.

Sources:

Wikipedia